Criterion's two-disc Blu-ray of Michael Cimino's Heaven's Gate will please most fans of this unique epic. It inadvertently changed the direction of American moviemaking -- few directors would again be allowed to run free without budgetary restraints and committee oversight. The release represents a major production expenditure for Criterion. The original negative had been cut down to yield the film's short 1981 "desperation" release, which nobody liked. But as color separations had been made for the long version, Criterion went to the effort to digitally scan, scrub and recombine them. The new work was only done digitally, so this is not a film restoration job.
The opportunity was there to compare the long and short versions, but the connoisseur label has a policy of releasing 'director's approved' discs. Michael Cimino has taken the liberty to change the film substantially. Although an extra on the disc is called a 'Restoration Demonstration', the key word should be revision. It's not a George Lucas- style obliteration of the original version, as only a handful of shots have been slightly altered. But the entire intermission has been removed, in an annoyingly slapdash fashion that ruins one of Cimino's most beautiful scenes. In the 1980 cut the drunken Billy Irvine sits on his horse quoting poetry, and is enveloped by a cloud of steam from the railroad engine. When it blows away, he has vanished. It's a perfect accidental magic trick, the kind of unrepeatable gem of a shot directors pray for. The scene fades as the smoke rises and the word "Intermission" comes up. This elegant transition evokes the heady days of the Road Show epic.
Cimino now chops off the smoke early, before we can appreciate Billy's disappearing act. The image jumps forward to the next morning, with the unlucky Cully discovered sleeping in the open by Canton's trigger-happy horde. This shot is trimmed as well. The film's best transition is now a ragged jump cut. For reference, the uncut take can be seen in the disc's extras.
Cimino's second major decision is more complicated. Heaven's Gate was filmed by Vilmos Zsigmond, an artistic cameraman with visual tastes that sometimes ran counter to commercial considerations. The strongest example is perhaps Brian De Palma's Obsession, which Zsigmond shot through heavy filters. By the time the film had been duplicated for release prints, its images had degraded to a greenish grainy smear. Zsigmond originally timed Heaven's Gate to desaturate some hues, as if to eliminate the 'pretty postcard' appearance of the natural locations. The cameraman also approved MGM's earlier transfers of the film, as shown in 1080i on their MGM cable channel, where the brown-on-gold-on-brown color scheme was retained.
Whatever the politics might be, Vilmos Zsigmond has not participated in the new disc. Michael Cimino has decided to ignore the original color and time the images for maximum beauty. This is a sticky problem. Before, the monochromatic color numbed the eye's rods and cones into a perceptual stupor. Watching the film is now a far more pleasant experience.
Michael Cimino also supervised a re-mix of the film's soundtrack. At 2012's The Reel Thing AMIA symposium, Lee Kline of Criterion reported that the director had admitted that his inexperience at the original session was responsible for a soundtrack in which background noise frequently overwhelmed the foreground dialogue. James Averill's talks with Richard Masur's Cully at the train station and in downtown Casper were largely indecipherable, especially with Masur slurring some of his words with an Irish accent. The balance is still tight but most voices now cut through.